This version of pq requires Go 1.21 or newer.

pq now supports only maintained PostgreSQL releases, which is PostgreSQL 14 and newer. Previously PostgreSQL 8.4 and newer were supported.

Features

• The pq.Error.Error() text includes the position of the error (if reported by PostgreSQL) and SQLSTATE code (#1219, #1224):

  pq: column "columndoesntexist" does not exist at column 8 (42703)
  pq: syntax error at or near ")" at position 2:71 (42601)

• The pq.Error.ErrorWithDetail() method prints a more detailed multiline message, with the Detail, Hint, and error position (if any) (#1219):

  ERROR:   syntax error at or near ")" (42601)
  CONTEXT: line 12, column 1:
  
       10 |     name           varchar,
       11 |     version        varchar,
       12 | );
            ^

• Add Config, NewConfig(), and NewConnectorConfig() to supply connection details in a more structured way (#1240).

• Support hostaddr and $PGHOSTADDR (#1243).

• Support multiple values in host, port, and hostaddr, which are each tried in order, or randomly if load_balance_hosts=random is set (#1246).

• Support target_session_attrs connection parameter (#1246).

• Support sslnegotiation to use SSL without negotiation (#1180).

• Allow using a custom tls.Config, for example for encrypted keys (#1228).

• Add PQGO_DEBUG=1 print the communication with PostgreSQL to stderr, to aid in debugging, testing, and bug reports (#1223).

• Add support for NamedValueChecker interface (#1125, #1238).

Fixes

• Match HOME directory lookup logic with libpq: prefer $HOME over /etc/passwd, ignore ENOTDIR errors, and use APPDATA on Windows (#1214).

• Fix sslmode=verify-ca verifying the hostname anyway when connecting to a DNS name (rather than IP) (#1226).

• Correctly detect pre-protocol errors such as the server not being able to fork or running out of memory (#1248).

• Fix build with wasm (#1184), appengine (#745), and Plan 9 (#1133).

• Deprecate and type alias pq.NullTime to sql.NullTime (#1211).

• Enforce integer limits of the Postgres wire protocol (#1161).

• Accept the passfile connection parameter to override PGPASSFILE (#1129).

• Fix connecting to socket on Windows systems (#1179).

• Don't perform a permission check on the .pgpass file on Windows (#595).

• Warn about incorrect .pgpass permissions (#595).

• Don't set extra_float_digits (#1212).

• Decode bpchar into a string (#949).

• Fix panic in Ping() by not requiring CommandComplete or EmptyQueryResponse in simpleQuery() (#1234)

• Recognize bit/varbit (#743) and float types (#1166) in ColumnTypeScanType().

• Accept PGGSSLIB and PGKRBSRVNAME environment variables (#1143).

• Handle ErrorResponse in readReadyForQuery and return proper error (#1136).

• CopyIn() and CopyInSchema() now work if the list of columns is empty, in which case it will copy all columns (#1239).

• Treat nil []byte in query parameters as nil/NULL rather than "" (#838).

• Accept multiple authentication methods before checking AuthOk, which improves compatibility with PgPool-II (#1188).